DOUGLAS,
ARIZONA was established in 1901. It is located along
the US-Mexico border and sits as just over 4000 feet above sea level.
Temperatures are cooler than Tucson,
and monsoon rains come early in the summers. The town is named after
mining pioneer, and Canadian, James S. Douglas.
Mining
was instrumental in the towns development. Smelters in Douglas processed
copper ore from the BISBEE mines.
The Phelps Dodge Mining Company established a smelter in 1900. The
Douglas El Paso and Southwestern Railroad transported
copper back east.
Cattle ranching was always another
important aspect in Douglas' growth. The Slaughter Ranch
was established when John Slaughter purchased 65,000
acres of land in the 1880's. He would later build the ranch up to
100,000 acres. John Slaughter became Sheriff of Cochise
County in 1886. There is some excellent history on the
Slaughter
Ranch site.
The
miners, cattlemen, ranchers and visitors might stay at the historic
Hotel Gadsden,
named after the Gadsden Purchase, which was built
in 1907. In 1912, Pancho Villa reportedly rode his horse up the
lobby’s staircase. Today, you just might encounter the ghost
of Pancho Villa in the hotel. The Gadsen Hotel is on the National
Register of Historic Places. Another structure on the list
is the Douglas/Williams House Museum and Genealogical Library. This
former home is maintained by the Douglas Historical Society.
While staying in Douglas in the early 1900's, people
would be entertained at The
Grand Theatre. This theatre opened in 1919, and was considered
to be the most beautiful theatre between Los Angeles and San Antonio.
Today in Douglas, you can visit hundreds of buildings
and homes on the National Register of
Historic Places. Visit the Douglas Historic Business
District and Church Square, where there
is a church on each corner. Like all of Southern Arizona, Douglas
has great places to observe nature, including the San
Bernardino and Leslie Canyon National Wildlife Refuges.
Douglas, Arizona is a border town, and has as its
neighbor, the Mexico town of Agua
Prieta. Agua Prieta is in the state of Sonora,
Mexico.